John F. Kennedy’s Ansage

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Geheimhaltung ist abstoßend in einer freien und offenen Gesellschaft. Als Volk haben wir eine natürliche und historische Abneigung gegen Geheimgesellschaften und Geheimbünde.

Die Nachteile einer übermäßigen Geheimhaltung übersteigen die Gefahren, mit denen diese Geheimhaltung gerechtfertigt wird. Es macht keinen Sinn, einer unfreien Gesellschaft zu begegnen, indem man ihre Beschränkungen imitiert.

Das Überleben unserer Nation hat keinen Wert, wenn unsere (freiheitlichen) Traditionen nicht ebenfalls fortbestehen. Es gibt eine sehr ernste Gefahr, daß der Vorwand der Sicherheit mißbraucht wird, um Zensur und Geheimhaltung auszudehnen.

Ich habe nicht die Absicht, so etwas zu dulden, sofern dies in meiner Kontrolle liegt, und kein Beamter meiner Administration, egal in welchem Rang, zivil oder militärisch, sollte meine Worte hier und heute abend als eine Entschuldigung interpretieren, Nachrichten zu zensieren oder dezent zu unterdrücken, unsere Fehler zuzudecken oder der Presse und der Öffentlichkeit Tatsachen vorzuenthalten, die sie erfahren sollten.

Wir haben es mit einer monolithischen und ruchlosen weltweiten Verschwörung zu tun, die ihren Einfluß mit verdeckten Mitteln ausbreitet: mit Infiltration statt Invasion, mit Umsturz statt Wahlen, mit Einschüchterung statt Selbstbestimmung, mit Guerillakämpfern bei Nacht statt Armeen am Tag. Es ist ein System, das mit gewaltigen menschlichen und materiellen Ressourcen eine komplexe und effiziente Maschinerie aufgebaut hat, die militärische, diplomatische, geheimdienstliche, wirtschaftliche, wissenschaftliche und politische Operationen verbindet. Ihre Pläne werden nicht veröffentlicht, sondern verborgen, ihre Fehlschläge werden begraben, nicht publiziert, Andersdenkende werden nicht gelobt, sondern zum Schweigen gebracht, keine Ausgabe wird in Frage gestellt, kein Gerücht wird gedruckt, kein Geheimnis wird enthüllt.

Kein Präsident sollte die öffentliche Untersuchung seines Regierungsprogramms fürchten, weil aus der genauen Kenntnis sowohl Unterstützung wie auch Opposition kommt; und beides ist notwendig. Ich bitte Ihre Zeitungen nicht, meine Regierung zu unterstützen, aber ich bitte Sie um Ihre Mithilfe bei der enormen Aufgabe, das amerikanische Volk zu informieren und zu alarmieren, weil ich vollstes Vertrauen in die Reaktion und das Engagement unserer Bürger habe, wenn sie über alles uneingeschränkt informiert werden. Ich will die Kontroversen unter Ihren Lesern nicht ersticken, ich begrüße sie sogar. Meine Regierung wird auch offen zu ihren Fehlern stehen, weil ein kluger Mann einst sagte, Irrtümer werden erst zu Fehlern, wenn man sich weigert, sie zu korrigieren.

Wir haben die Absicht, volle Verantwortung für unsere Fehler zu übernehmen, und wir erwarten von Ihnen, daß Sie uns darauf hinweisen, wenn wir das versäumen. Ohne Debatte und Kritik kann keine Regierung und kein Land erfolgreich sein, und keine Republik kann überleben. Deshalb verfügte der athenische (altgriechische) Gesetzgeber Solan, daß es ein Verbrechen für jeden Bürger sei, vor Meinungsverschiedenheiten zurückzuweichen, und genau deshalb wurde unsere Presse durch den ersten Verfassungszusatz besonders geschützt (durch Bushs Ermächtigungsgesetze = Patriot Act längst ausgehöhlt). Die Pressefreiheit in Amerika wurde nicht durch einen speziellen Verfassungszusatz geschützt, um zu amüsieren und Leser zu gewinnen, nicht um das Triviale und Sentimentale zu fördern, nicht um dem Publikum immer das zu geben, was es gerade will, sondern um über Gefahren und Möglichkeiten zu informieren, um aufzurütteln und zu reflektieren, um unsere Krisen festzustellen und unsere Chancen anzuzeigen, manchmal sogar die öffentliche Meinung zu führen, zu formen, zu bilden und herauszufordern. Das bedeutet mehr Berichte und Analysen von internationalen Ereignissen, denn das alles ist heute nicht mehr weit weg, sondern ganz in der Nähe und zu Hause. Das bedeutet mehr Aufmerksamkeit und besseres Verständnis der Nachrichten sowie verbesserte Berichterstattung, und es bedeutet schließlich, daß die Regierung auf allen Ebenen ihre Verpflichtung erfüllen muß, Sie mit unzensierten Information außerhalb der engen Grenzen der Staatssicherheit zu versorgen.

Es liegt in der Verantwortung der Printmedien, die Taten des Menschen aufzuzeichnen, sein Gewissen zu bewahren, der Bote seiner Nachrichten zu sein, damit wir die Kraft und den Beistand finden, auf daß mit Ihrer Hilfe der Mensch zu dem werde, wozu er geboren wurde: frei und unabhängig.

Englisches Original

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The very word secrecy is repugnant in a free and open society and we are as a people inherently and historically opposed to secret societies to secret oaths and to secret proceedings.

We decided long ago that the dangers of excessive and unwarranted concealment of pertinent facts far outweigh the dangers which are sited to justify them. Even today there is little value in opposing the threat of a closed society by imitating its arbitrary restrictions.

Even today there is little value in ensuring the survival of our nation, if our traditions do not survive with it. And there is very grave danger that an announced need for increased security will be ceased upon by those anxious to expand its meaning to the very limits of official censorship and concealment.

That I do not intend to permit to the extent that it is in my control and no official of my administration, weather his rank is high or low, civilian or military should interpret my words here tonight as an excuse to censor the news, to stifle decent, to cover up our mistakes or to withhold from the press or the public the facts that they deserve to know.

For we are opposed around the world by a monolithic and ruthless conspiracy that rely’s primarily on covert means for expanding its sphere of influence. On infiltration instead of invasion, on subversion instead of elections, on intimidation instead of free choice, on guerillas by night instead of army’s by day. It is a system which has conscripted vast human and material resources into the building of a tightly knit highly efficient machine that combines military, diplomatic, intelligence, economic, scientific and political operations. Its preparations are concealed not published, its mistakes are buried not headlined, its dissenters are silenced not praised, no expenditure is questioned, no rumor is printed, no secret is revealed.

No president should fear public scrutiny of his program. For from that scrutiny comes understanding and from that understanding comes support or opposition and both are necessary. I’m not asking your newspapers to support an administration but I am asking your help in the tremendous task of informing and alerting the American people for I have complete confidence in the response and dedication of our citizens whenever they are fully informed. I not only could not stifle controversy among your readers I welcome it. This administration intends to be candid about its errors, for as a wise man once said „an error doesn’t become a mistake until you refuse to correct it“.

We intend to accept full responsibility for our errors and we expect you to point them out when we miss them. Without debate, without criticism no administration and no country can succeed and no republic can survive. That is why the Athenian law maker Solan decreed it a crime for any citizen to shrink from controversy and that is why our press was protected by the first amendment. The only business in America specifically protected by the constitution not primarily to amuse and entertain, not to emphasize the trivial and sentimental, not to simply give the public what it wants but to inform, to arouse, to reflect, to state our dangers and our opportunities, to indicate our crises and our choices, to lead, mold, educate and sometimes even anger public opinion. This means greater coverage and analysis of international news for it is no longer far away and foreign but close at hand and local. It means greater attention to improved understanding of the news as well as improved transmission and it means finally that government at all levels must meet its obligation to provide you with the fullest possible information outside the narrowest limits of national security.

So it is to the printing press, to the recorder of mans deeds, to the keeper of his conscience, the courier of his news that we look for strength and assistance confident that with your help man will be what he was born to be: free and independent.