Hackers As A High-Risk Population

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Hacken für eine bessere Welt

Aaron Swartz galt als brillianter Denker und setzte sich dafür ein, dass Wissen im Internet frei verfügbar ist. Der Hacker entwickelte als 14-Jähriger den Web-Standard RSS mit, später baute er das Netzkultur-Forum Reddit mit auf. Jetzt starb er im Alter von 26 Jahren.

Im Jahr 2011 brach ein junger Hacker in die Online-Datenbank JStor ein, indem er das Computernetzwerk am Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) austrickste. JStor ist ein Speicherplatz für Millionen wissenschaftlicher Artikel, Aufsätze und Quellen. JStor lässt sich das Lesen der Texte bezahlen, auch wenn die Autoren gar kein Geld mit ihren Artikeln machen wollen.

Dem jungen Hacker passte das nicht und so stahl er wohl bis zu 4,8 Millionen Artikel aus dem System. Er wollte sie nicht verkaufen, sondern frei zugänglich machen, und zwar weil er glaubte, auf diese Art eine bessere Welt zu schaffen. Eine, in der Wissen frei zugänglich ist auf dem günstigsten und schnellsten Weg für alle, die lernen wollen. Der Einbruch war also weniger ein profaner Diebstahl als ein politischer Akt.

Immer wieder stellte er zum Beispiel staatliche Dokumente, die amerikanische Bürger nur gegen Geld erhalten können, kostenlos ins Netz, um seine Vision einer freien Gesellschaft zu demonstrieren. Dabei gehörte er zu den wenigen Hackern, die sich auf politischer Ebene für die digitale Gesellschaft einsetzen und er war umgekehrt ein Aktivist, der die technischen Grundlagen seiner eigenen Forderungen verstehen konnte. Er konnte beide Felder, Politik und Technik, miteinander verbinden und leitete seine Ideen stets aus dem Wissen um das technisch Mögliche ab.

Der junge Hacker hieß Aaron Swartz. Er nahm sich am vergangenen Freitag in New York City das Leben.

Hacker als eine Hochrisikopopulation

Hacker sind die Verkörperung des Ungehorsams gegen das Sicherheits-Regime; die Herrschenden. Dadurch sind sie massiven Risiken ausgesetzt.

• Rechtliche Risiken
• Fehlendes Support-System
• Können nicht um Hilfe fragen
• Aussenseiter der Gesellschaft
• Begrenzte Kommunikation
• Kulturelle Vielfalt, arbeiten nicht die gleiche Sprache wie ihre Verbündeten, Ziele, Unbekannten
• Einige Hacker sind stärker gefährdet als andere (Talent, Zugriff)
• Innere Risiken: Einsame Natur von Hacking – Isolation, Depression, Hochstapler-Syndrom
• Hacker tun Dinge, die hunderte, tausende Menschen beeinflussen

Diese Liste hat uns Violet Blue im Rahmen eines Vortrags am 29C3 präsentiert:

YouTube Direkt

Ironie des Schicksals, dass sich das jetzt bewahrheiten muss? 🙁

Aaron’s eloquent brilliance was mixed with a complicated introversion. He communicated on his own schedule and needed a lot of space to himself, which frustrated some of his collaborators. He was fascinated by the social world around him, but often found it torturous to deal with.

For a long time, Aaron was more comfortable reading books than talking to humans (he once told me something like, „even talking to very smart people is hard, but if I just sit down and read their books, I get their most considered and insightful thoughts condensed in a beautiful and efficient form.“

Warum kommt mir das alles so bekannt vor? Komplizierte Introversion. Braucht viel Zeit alleine. Fasziniert von der sozialen Welt, empfand es aber qualvoll, darin zu leben.

Egal wie viel Status man erlangt hat. Egal wieviele Twitter-Follower. Egal was man getan und erreicht hat. Schlussendlich sind wir alle Menschen und leiden.

Aarons Artikel über Depression zeigt, dass er ein Mensch war. Nur wenige von uns zeigen Verletzlichkeit und Menschlichkeit. Viele von uns verstecken sich hinter Fassaden wie „wie geht’s dir? Gut.„, lächelnden Fotos, Facebook Status und wagen es nicht zu schreiben, was manchmal wirklich in unserem Kopf vorgeht.

Dann ergibt sich folgendes Bild: Allen geht es gut, jeder hat Erfolg, niemand hat Probleme ausser ich. Und das NUR, weil sich jeder hinter dieser Gut-Maske versteckt. Gottverdammt.

Speaking with people about anything becomes a liability. Very guarded conversations are the norm. One becomes strategically all walled up.

— Jacob Appelbaum (@ioerror) January 13, 2013

Ich kannte Aaron nicht. Aber jetzt bin ich am recherchieren. Er zeigt Menschlichkeit, hat eine Hingabe für Persönlichkeitsentwicklung, Technologie als Mittel für Veränderung einzusetzen, und das politische Umfeld aus einem grösseren Blickwinkel zu betrachten und zu verbessern.

Parallelen?

Ich schaue in sein Weblog. Raw Nerve – a series of pieces on getting better at life.

Wow:

After all, in my day job, I’m constantly looking for ways to learn and grow.

Why aren’t I doing the same thing for life?

Danke, Aaron. Die gleichen Fragen habe ich mir nämlich auch gestellt. Und einen Weg gefunden, aber er ist versteckt.

It turns out to be surprisingly hard. Life comes with no instruction manual and the advice parents give is all over the place. TV and the newspapers don’t offer much more than narrow Quick Tips and I never saw a course in this stuff at school. There are self-help books and self-improvement courses, of course, but they seem overly practical: they’re usually less about working through tough problems and more about energizing you to Get Up And Go! And there’s philosophy about The Good Life, but it seems to go too far in the other direction: there’s very little in there for someone to practically apply.

Wow. Ein Mensch, der ebenfalls auf der Suche nach einem Handbuch für das Leben ist.

So instead of an obvious place to go, I’ve just been finding little bits and pieces in all sorts of strange places: psychology experiments, business books, philosophy, self-help, math, and my friends.

Das geht mir genau so.

But since there’s no community around it, it’s hard to discuss it with anyone (trying to persuade other people to be interested in what you’re interested in is a fool’s game).

(Quelle)

Oh ja. Es gibt niemanden, mit dem man darüber reden kann. Niemand kümmert sich um das Leben, um Persönlichkeitsentwicklung oder interessiert sich für die grossen Fragen, und das ist sehr schade. Ich würde gern mehr Menschen sehen, die auch so sind und auch so einen Weg gehen. Wir sind „long term secret keepers“, mit allen psychologischen Konsequenzen. Wir können mit niemandem darüber reden, über was wir tun oder was uns interessiert. Es geht einfach nicht, genau so wenig wie man mit einem Kindergärtner über Quantenphysik reden kann.

So I figure I’ll just start writing about it here and see if anyone cares.

Ha! Das habe ich auch mal gemacht: Menschen auf der Suche nach der Wahrheit – auch so wie du; nur um zu sehen ob es vielleicht jemandem hilft. Und nein, ich rede nicht darüber.

Oder aber auch: Niemand interessiert sich für das, was wir tun. Niemand scheint es zu kümmern, was in der Welt alles falsch läuft, und niemand will etwas dagegen unternehmen. Habt ihr inzwischen ein Tor-Relay aufgesetzt? Eben. Genau das meine ich. Diese Ignoranz. Ihr tut nur gerade das, was euch Geld bringt, und gebt uns das Gefühl, dass unsere Arbeit nichts wert ist.

He died because someone in the halls of power wanted to send a clear signal about what happens to people who interfere in the ability of old guard systems to make money.

Well, you sent a signal, you faceless bureaucrat, you greyface, you moneylender in the temple of information that is the internet. That signal is: We will destroy brilliant, beautiful people in order to safeguard our sources of income.

The signal has been received, loud and clear.

Und dann noch etwas:

Geeks and Depression

Man sieht immer nur die Erfolge anderer. Klar, jeder zeigt nur seine Erfolge. So scheint es. Und vermittelt einem das Gefühl, selber nichts erreicht zu haben, oder zu wenig zu tun, nicht gut genug zu sein, etc. Ich kenne das Gefühl. Besonders wir in der Hackercommunity sind davon stark betroffen. Aber wir sind nicht alleine. Dieses Panel am Congress vor einem Jahr bespricht das. Und das geht unter die Haut:

YouTube Direkt

“The greed of the copyright industry, combined with our current attitude toward emotional health issues, killed Aaron.” http://t.co/d80Gx6uK

— P.G. Wokehouse (@sfslim) January 13, 2013

Quellen
Süddeutsche: Hacken für eine bessere Welt
Mark Bao’s Journal: The void of losing someone you don’t know
Mediapathic: I am angry about what happened to Aaron Swartz